REFUTING CLAIMS ON TARIQA NAQSHBANDIYYA (3)
Then they said—as translated into English:
<<And they perform the shukr prayer. Ash-Shafi‘iyyah ulama said there is no such prayer so this is an innovation.
Then they mentioned the hadith: “Whoever innovates something in this matter of ours which does not belong to it, it is rejected.”
Then they mentioned the hadith: “Whoever innovates something in this matter of ours which does not belong to it, it is rejected.”
مَنْ أحْدَثَ في أمْرِنَا هَذَا ما لَيْسَ مِنْهُ فَهُوَ رَدٌّ>>
Comments:
1. It is true that we as Shafi‘is have no evidence fit to serve as decisive proof for its sunna status (whether emphasized sunna or other); but others might have such evidence. It does not mean that whoever prays the shukr prayer commits an innovation of misguidance. How could it mean such a thing when it is transmitted from the Infallible Prophet (saws) that he would make prostration to Allah out of gratitude whenever he got news that made him happy? It is also established that he prayed eight rakaats in the house of Umm Hani’ the day Mecca was conquered as narrated in the Sahih. The Hafiz Ibn Kathir said in al-Bidaya wal-Nihaya: “This is the prayer of thanks (salatush shukr) for victory according to the most famous of the two positions of the scholars on the issue.” The other position is that it was Salat al-Duha.
سجد ﷺ ثماني ركعات في بيت أم هانئ يومَ فتح مكّة. قال الحافظ ابن كثير في البداية والنهاية: لما دخلها اغتسل وصلى ثماني ركعات، وهي صلاة الشكر على النصر، على المشهور من قولَي العلماء.
2. More than that, according to a group of scholars the prayer of shukr is established by the Qur’an and is the one being referred to when Allah said:
فَسُبْحَانَ الله حِينَ تُمْسُونَ وَحِينَ تُصْبِحُونَ الروم 17
Allah be exalted when you reach evening and when you reach morning! al-Rum 17
Allah be exalted when you reach evening and when you reach morning! al-Rum 17
فَسَبّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبّكَ قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ الشمس طه 130
Therefore exalt your Lord before the sun rises… Taha 130
Therefore exalt your Lord before the sun rises… Taha 130
فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَاسْتَغْفِرْهُ إِنَّهُ كَانَ تَوَّابًا النصر 3
So exalt your Lord and ask His forgiveness. Truly He is Oft-Relenting! al-Nasr 3
So exalt your Lord and ask His forgiveness. Truly He is Oft-Relenting! al-Nasr 3
Imam al-Razi said in his Tafsir: “Some said what is meant [in those verses] is Salat al-shukr. He prayed it on the day of the conquest of Mecca as eight rakaats. Others said it was salat al-Duha.” Something similar is in Tafsir al-Khazin.
3. In reality every salat is a salat of shukr: the five prayers, the accompanying sunan and all supererogatory prayers without exception, are all fit to be called salat al-shukr because there is no salat without the Fatiha and it is the Sura of shukr as stated by Imam al-Baydawi in his Tafsir:
تُسَمَّى أُمَّ الْقُرْآنِ ... وَسُورَةَ الْكَنْزِ، وَالْوَافِيَةَ، وَالْكَافِيَةَ لِذَلِكَ؛ وَسُورَةَ الْحـَمْدِ، وَالشُّكْرِ. إلى أن قال: لَمـَّا كَانَ الْحَمْدُ مِنْ شُعَبِ الشُّكْرِ أَشْيَعَ لِلنِّعْمَةِ، وَأَدَلَّ عَلَى مَكَانِهَا ... جُعِلَ رَأْسَ الشُّكْرِ وَالْعُمْدَةَ فِيهِ، فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ: الحَمْدُ رَأْسُ الشُّكْرِ، وَمَا شَكَرَ اللهُ مَنْ لَمْ يَحْمَدْهُ.
“It is also named the Mother of the Qurʾān… the Sura of the Treasure; hence, like¬wise, the Abundant and the Sufficient; the Sura of Praise, and of Thanksgiving… Since praise, as an off¬shoot of gratitude, publicizes favors more and indicates their existence… it was made the heading of gratitude and its mainstay. Hence he said, upon him blessings and peace: ‘Praise is the head of thanks: he does not thank Allah, who does not praise Him [first].’” (‘Abd al-Razzaq, al-Bayhaqi and others)
4. The reasons for givings thanks are innumerable, hence the Prophet (saws) said: “Every morning, each one of you owes almsgiving for each of his joints, so every tasbih is a charity, etc…”
يُصْبحُ على كُلّ سُلامَى مِنْ أحَدِكُمْ صَدَقَةٌ، فَكُلُّ تَسْبِيحَةٍ صَدَقَةٌ، وكُلّ تَحْمِيدَةٍ صَدَقَةٌ، وكُلُّ تَهْلِيلَةٍ صَدَقَةٌ، وكُلُّ تَكْبِيرَةٍ صَدَقَةٌ.
and in the hadith qudsi: “O son of Adam! Do not fall short of giving me four rakaats at the beginning of your day, I will suffice you the rest of it.”
يا ابنَ آدَم لا تُعْجِزْنِي مِنْ أَرْبَعِ رَكَعَاتٍ في أَوّلِ نَهَارِكَ أَكْفِكَ آخِرَهُ
We even need to give shukr for being able to give shukr, and so forth forever, as stated in the Risala Qushayriyya (chapter on shukr) and elsewhere.
5. In the Fatwas of al-Azhar it is mentioned:
Question: What is salat al-shukr, and how is it prayed? Answer: What is lawful according to the vast majority is the prostration of shukr when a blessing happens to a person which makes it incumbent for them to thank Allah for it; and of the manifestations of thanks is prostration to Allah Most High. It is a single prostration. It is narrated from Abu Bakrah (ra) that whenever the Prophet (saws) received news that gladdened him or was given good news, he would fall prostrate to Allah out of gratitude.
كان ﷺ إذا أتاه أمر يسرّه أو بُشِّر به خرّ ساجدًا شكرًا لله تعالى.
It is also narrated that he prostrated out of thanks to Allah when Jibril gave him the glad tidings that “Allah blesses and greets whoever blesses and greets the Prophet (saws).”
سجد شكرًا لله عندما بشّره جبريل بأن الله يصلى ويسلم على من يصلى ويسلم عليه ﷺ.
The precondition of sujud al-shukr is whatever is also a precondition of salat with respect to ritual purity, facing the qiblah, covering one’s nakedness and so forth. … This is the case according to the vast majority of the jurists and consists in a single takbirah with intention, then prostration, then salam. But the Malikis said: “There is no such thing as a [single] prostration for shukr, rather, what is desirable is to pray two rakaas when a blessing occurs or a disaster is averted.”
This being said, some of the scholars deemed that the prostration of shukr does not have the same precondition as salat. The author of Fath al-‘Allam (in Shafi‘i fiqh by al-Jurdani) said: “This is nearest to right.” End of excerpt from Fatawa al-Azhar.
6. And in al-Jami‘ li-Ahkam al-Salat by Mahmud Abdullatif ‘Uwayda, 4th ed. (Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan) it is written:
M. The sajda of shukr and the salat al-shukr. It is desirable for the Muslim, whenever he obtains a blessing or is spared a harm, that he make one prostration to Allah Most High and this is called sajdat al-shukr and is identical to the prostration of Qur’anic recitation from the perspectives of takbir, prostration, dhikr in it, rising and giving salam. … [Then he mentioned the same reports as the text from al-Azhar, and added the following report] From al-Bara’: “The entire tribe of Hamdan entered Islam, so Ali (r) wrote to the Prophet (saws) informing him of their Islam. When the Prophet (saws) read it, he fell prostrate. Then he raised his head and said: Salam on Hamdan! Salam on Hamdan!”
أسلَمَتْ همْدانُ جميعاً، فكتب علي رضي الله عنه إلى رسول الله ﷺ بإسلامهم، فلمّا قرأ ﷺ الكتاب خر ساجداً، ثم رفع رأسه فقال: السلام على همدان، السلام على همدان.
Another time the news of the victory of one of the Muslim armies reached the Prophet (saws) as he was resting with his head in ‘A’isha’s lap, whereupon he got up and made a sajda of shukr.
أتاه ﷺ بَشيرٌ يُبَشِّره بظَفَرِ جُندٍ له على عدوِّهم، ورأسُه في حِجْر عائشةَ رضي الله عنها، فقام فَخَرَّ ساجداً
It is also narrated from Abd Allah b. Abi Awfa that the day the Prophet (saws) received the tidings of Abu Jahl’s death he prayed two rakaas. He did the same when he was given the glad tidings of the conquest of Mecca.
أن رسول الله ﷺ صلَّى يوم بُشِّر برأس أبي جهل ركعتين. رواه ابن ماجة . ورواه البزَّار ولفظه: أن رسول الله ﷺ صلى ركعتين حين بُشِّر بالفتح، وحين بُشِّر برأس أبي جهل.
So this is a proof of the lawfulness of salatu al-shukr and that it consists in two rak‘as, so whoever wishes can just make a single prostration and whoever wishes can pray two rak‘as, and there is good in all of the above. End of excerpt from al-Jami‘ li-Ahkam al-Salat by Mahmud Abdullatif ‘Uwayda.
7. As for the hadith “Whoever innovates something in this matter of ours which does not belong to it, it is rejected” it is the strongest proof for the lawfulness of the excellent innovation in Islam (al-bid‘a al-hasana), because what it says conversely is: “Therefore every new matter that belongs to Islam is accepted.” This is precisely the same meaning as the famous rule stated by Imam al-Shafi‘i, the saying of Shaykh al-Islam al-Ansari, and the consensus of the Shafi‘i school on dividing all bid‘as into five categories as already mentioned.
8. To conclude we remind the objectors that if the Salaf al-Salih did not consider the Salat of Shukr an integral part of Islam, Imam al-Darimi would not have devoted a chapter to it, which he called “Chapter of the prostration of thanks” and in which he narrated the hadith already cited, that “the Prophet (upon him blessings and peace) prayed two rakaats at Duha when he was given the glad tidings of the conquest, or the head of Abu Jahl.”
قال الإمام الدارمي في سننه: بَابٌ فِي سَجْدَةِ الشُّكْرِ. حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سَلَمَةُ بْنُ رَجَاءٍ، حَدَّثَتْنَا شَعْثَاءُ قَالَتْ: رَأَيْتُ ابْنَ أَبِي أَوْفَى صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَقَالَ: صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الضُّحَى رَكْعَتَيْنِ حِينَ بُشِّرَ بِالْفَتْحِ، أَوْ بِرَأْسِ أَبِي جَهْلٍ
And Allah knows best and He is enough for us.
© GF Haddad
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